We certify that this Masters Dissertation: The Device of Graphology in Joe Ushies Poetry: Stylistic and Pedagogical Implications was carried out by Nkopuruk, Imikan Nseobong and submitted to the Department of English Studies, College of Humanities, Tai Solarin University of Education, Nigeria in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a Master of Education (M.Ed.) 4. 1.1 Background to the Study 5. It is also a theoretical dimension to research undertaken into practice in the stylistics classroom. is more dependent upon the readers ability Focusing on the designer's stylistic vocabulary as expressed in aesthetic themes that . unit). The Graphological level: In this respect, stylistics is interested in how the writer uses the graphic resource of his language to give expression to his ideas and achieve his effects. The levels of stylistic analysis according to Khan and Jabeen (2015) are basically lexical, syntactic or grammatical, phonological, semantic, context and graphological. 5.1 Summary amount of vocabulary Finally, Wellek and Warren (1977: 176) opine that linguistic study becomes literary only when it serves the study of literature; when it aims at investigating the aesthetic effect of language (Eyoh 2005). This Masters Dissertation is dedicated firstly, to the Almighty God for His sustenance through the ups and downs of the academic programme; secondly, to my one-in-a-million parents, for understanding the true significance of child education and sponsorship and lastly, to my very marvelous siblings, for their encouragements and ginger at all times.the journey still continues! Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This module will expose you to those things that should be considered in doing a stylistic analysis at the phono-graphological level of language description. Hence stylistics comes to create a mutual relationship between language and literature so as to be competent in both of them. The poetry of Joe Ushie however, is characterized by these features and these inform the desire of this study. This is evident by the insufficient literature in this discipline. 2.1.10 Punctuation Anaphora: when we refer back to the situation, things, text. For It is the realization that context is necessary in the exploration of the pragmatic meaning that guides a language user or text producer into employing appropriate linguistic resources in the text in order to achieve the stylistic meaning. Put simply, this level is concerned with the meaning of words and sentences. 4.1 Presentation of Data One may also ask, what is graphological translation? For instance: phonological, syntactic, graphological, lexico-semantic etc. In other words, it is the scientific study of style. need to be distinguished and put through an analysis to find out the foregrounding and the derivation. To a large extent, language was then taught also using literary texts which represented a rather attractive option for some L2 learners as contemporary literature was often chosen. Analysis in stylistics therefore involves a range of general language qualities, which include sentence patterns, structure and variety, paragraph structure, imagery, repetition, emphasis, arrangement of ideas and other cohesive devices. @DanBron But that cannot be possible - you cannot know the war discourse is explored in the octave, for example, without the foresight that the longest line is the one used for the war discourse. stylistics is the (linguistic) study of style that is rarely undertaken for its own sake. Since stylistics also concerns itself with the sociocultural context which reading and writing take place, contextual factors such as the cultural background of the reader and the situation in which the text is read must be taken into consideration when analyzing a text at the level of context. Graphological Features Foregrounding is one predominant feature used in this paragraph by the speaker which is realized through a particular lexical item. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. This term was first brought into use in linguistic studies in the sixties by McIntosh (1961), who considered it an analogous mode to that of phonology. Wales (2001) has attempted a seemingly clearest and most complete definition of graphology so far, since it clarifies its meaning and incorporated many other features beyond the letters of alphabet, for example: punctuation and spacing. Morphology to Jolayemi (2008) is the study of word-formation, in other words, the study of how morphemes (smallest units of a word) whether free or bound form words. It will follow these steps: firstly, students will acquire the knowledge that leads them to comprehend the basic grammatical and rhetoric concepts. The term graphology is derived from the Greek words for "writing" and "study." In linguistics, the term graphology is sometimes used as a synonym for graphemics, the . also a branch of semantics which allow These are discussed under the following captions Graphological Features Lexical repetition, words are repeated in which synonyms or near-synonyms may be used. This was before Lennards proposal emerged. Contact us for publishing. Special acknowledgement goes to the Almighty God, the author and finisher of faith, the alpha and omega, for His sustenance and benevolence. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. (Province), What social relationship exists between the users (status), Is there a specific format that is being used (Modality), Was the user deliberately manipulating certain features in the language use (Similarity). This is because they could be conditioned by diverse factors like heredity, training and even experience. As far as a literary text is concerned, two evidences, internal and external evidence, can help us to come to an appropriate interpretation of a text. 4.3.1 Yawns and Belches (2018) The journalism . 2.1.7 The Concept of Graphology Two MacBook Pro with same model number (A1286) but different year. But these definitions appear too eclectic. Stylistics also makes us appreciate that when using language one must learn to respond with the appropriate variety according to the circumstances. Hence, a socio-stylistic study of Gabriel Bamgbose's Something Happened After the Rain is undertaken in order to reveal how the poet. The present study is in a way, an extension of the previous proposals. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Advertisement The focus is on the pragmatic and stylistic dimensions of speech. To make a judgment about something, we need different evidences. However, this shift in focus gave rise to stylistics being a linguistic field of its own away from the former literary criticism. Among these theories and concepts is the principle of deviation, which is a part of the concerns of the present study. In summary, Stylistics is concerned with the writers deployment of the formal properties of a text and how readers interact with the language of (literary and non-literary) texts in order to explain how we understand, and are affected by texts when we read them. prominent syllable) The novelty of the definition offered by Wales (2001) lies in the fact that it broadens the spectrum of elements to be analyzed within the category of graphology beyond the letters of the alphabet, which is something that has not been considered until very recently. Leech and Short (2007:11) see it as the linguistic study of style or the study of language as used in literary texts, with the aim of relating it to its artistic functions (13). This paper takes for granted Firth's (1957) belief that all branches of linguistics are concerned with meaning; and that graphology should therefore receive due attention from linguists as all the. Amore and Sonde of Department of English, Tai Solarin University of Education, Nigeria; very sincerely, this dissertation is a testimony of your mentoringalways counting on you too, for higher heights. 5.3 Recommendations Certain characteristic use of words may help us to identify the context of a text, its genre, its communicative purposes, its author, and so on. 4 Stylistic Features of Language Speech communication employs a host of expressive means ranging from linguistic to paralinguistic and extralinguistic features. The use of the word may be unfamiliar. Finally, students whose interests are narrowed into the field of linguistic stylistics need an articulate and current work in the field to update their knowledge. the invisible meanings in a text. Despite all these studies, literature in this field is yet to outline or categorize a standard parameter for graphological analysis, which is one of the major concerns of the present study. In the same vein, it is referred to as a level of linguistic analysis which focuses on the layout of texts, the size or shape of words and any other feature that is graphical or orthographical (Yeibo and Akerele 2014). The traditional dualistic view later clashed with the monist organic view of style of the new critics. Preliminary Module 3 OF Stylistics AND Discourse Analysis Finally, here lies the major difference between linguistic stylistics and literary criticism a point more lucidly corroborated by Leech and Short (1981) while discussing Style, Text and Frequency: Aesthetic terms used in the discussion of style (urbane, curt, exuberant, florid, lucid, plain, vigorous, etc.) This dissertation is an investigation into the poetry of Joe Ushie from the perspective of linguistics. This level sees context as the spine of meaning. The Science Of Graphology: The Study Of Handwriting How graphological deviation may affect an authors meaning and produce aesthetic effects has been the major focus of scholars within the stylistics jurisdiction in recent times. Stylistics then, is the outcome of the application of objective and analytical method of inquiry in the field of literary criticism. How to force Unity Editor/TestRunner to run at full speed when in background? It also provides The most distinct graphological feature in poetry is the linear arrangement of the poem in contrast to paragraphing in the case of prose. A Stylistics Analysis of Hope is the thing with feathers by Emily Dickinson Essays on Literary Criticism. Sutardjis Tragedi Winka dan Sihka and J.E. Different schools of thought worked in explaining and understanding this term, which put a large number of definitions which some of them appear to be overlapping while others seem to be contradictory. The central question in stylistics is how a text means and language undoubtedly remains the central medium through which a writers style is revealed. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. 1. group which carries contrasts of As a literary critical term, style denotes a characteristic use of language. -nature of vocabulary (use of simple or difficult words, vocabulary is archaic or modern, words used are concrete or abstract), -lexical relations that exists between words (use of synonyms, antonyms, use of unique words, use of borrowed words e.g Kikuyu word in an English text), They include factors that arise from a person. Sutardjis Tragedi Winka dan Sihka and J.E. This was the perception behind this notion about 2000 years ago. It covers how some stylistic devices are applied in the female and male perfume advertising slogans based on four levels: the graphological level, the lexical level, the syntactic level and the semantic level. The nineteenth century, being characterized by revolutionary discoveries in the natural science and the rise of social science, such Sociology and Anthropology, provided a suitable atmosphere for the emergence of an objective and analytical method of inquiry. The The inuence of these factors has been analyzed in detail by psycholinguists (Semino and Culpeper 2002; Enkvist 1985). and morphology. Discourse And Stylistics: Methods Of Analysis - Eduprojecttopics An introduction to graphology: definition, theoretical background and Given the recent relevance of pictures and images in communication, there is an attempt, currently, to integrate some graphological elements into the study of communication modes. clearly in tandem with Campsalls (2008) observation that graphological features of a text determine subtle and This research comes under the purview of stylistics. For the purpose of clear understanding of the study, the following terms are defined within the context of this research: (1) Deviation: Deviation is defined as the movement away from the linguistic norms and conventions to create sensitivity and inform, foreground and define the authors styles and peculiarities. Doing Stylistics: An Analysis of '(listen)' by E. E. Cummings 1. to answer by embarking on stylistic analysis of the graphetic and graphological, the lexical, syntactic and semantic features of selected 2011 campaign posters in Yola Metropolis of Adamawa state.
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