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688-695) is meant to inspire his . King's persuasive yet patient rhetoric addresses each of their concerns in turn while exposing the deep-seated hurt and betrayal felt by many members of the black community. Repetition. By showing his own emotions, King inspires compassion in the, does use historical and biblical allusions through out his whole letter, there are two allusions that really stand out. There isn't quite as much of that in "Letter From Birmingham Ja. He gives detailed accounts about grown men to stories of his daughter and son in the letter and how discrimination affects them and it makes the reader feel empathy for the African American community. Carson_Walker797. PDF downloads of all 1725 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. . to confront the audiences perception and present his evaluation. He also mentions emotional situations the readers probably cant even imagine. Anaphora is a rhetorical term for the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses. Classical Rhetoric Revisited. We have some eighty-five affiliated organizations across the South, and one of them is the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. He had dedicated his life to bringing liberty to people of color and making the United States a truly 'free' nation. Repetitions help the writer give structure to his arguments and highlight important aspects. How can he and others justify breaking the law? (c) What comparisons can you identify? Dr. King was on this march knowing what was at stake. It is assumed that as good Christians, they would have given aid to any person in need. King starts this by adding to his letter by challenging the claim that their actions must be condemned because they precipitate violence (5).King displays that the statement blames the demonstrators, which he condemns illogical due to lack of valid support. refuse to give us food because we wanted to sing our grace together. This emotional and descriptive narrative combined with the use of the second person you have a very strong effect. This is exactly what King wanted in order to make the audience feel the strong emotion and pain he felt, and persuade you to keep reading the letter to hear what he has to say about these outrage of acts, show you positive ways to change them, and justify his cause of writing this letter in response to the clergymen. Also, by referring to the Church as an irrelevant social club, King disrespects the Church to convey his point and demonstrate the future of the Church if people are not to take action. "Letter from Birmingham Jail" Rhetorical Analysis However, the clarity with which he makes his arguments and the dedication to a single premise strikes most strongly of Kant. 1,342 Words Yet even when the police have conducted themselves nonviolently in public. King draws sympathy for his cause from the reader who sees the unjustness of the situation he and his followers are dealing with. King Jrs letter uses various rhetorical devices in his writing. LitCharts Teacher Editions. In Martin Luther King Jrs, Letter from Birmingham Jail, written in August of 1963, he addresses the Call for Unity written by the eight clergymen of Alabama in response to ongoing protests. Recent flashcard sets. literature. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1725 titles we cover. He rejects this argument, pointing out that this kind of logic (if such it can be called) can be extended to all sorts of scenarios. Calling the Church an irrelevant social club can anger the clergymen and other readers, forcing the clergymen to realize that if they are irritated by a rude reference now, then they must take action to prevent such disrespect. The emphasis throughout is non nonviolent action, or peaceful protest, which King favours rather than violent acts such as rioting (which, he points out, will alienate many Americans who might otherwise support the cause for racial integration). 20 terms. King asserts that the goal of the protests is to create an atmosphere of discomfort for whites in Birmingham. Complete your free account to request a guide. For instance, Martin Luther King says like Paul, I must constantly respond to the Macedonian call for aid. Since Martin Luther King King is writing his letter to clergymen, his religious allusions are used to appeal to them; specifically, Dr. King brings up the point that certain tension is caused by people who have been subjected to grievances and believe that the white man is an incurable devil. In saying this, Martin Luther King tells the clergymen that their sanctimonious acts and racial. King moves on to tie the current struggle for racial freedom to the historical struggle for American independence from Britain. The speaker protests for conformity asking for equality without violence. One of these few people was Martin Luther King Jr. and one of the ways in which he spoke out was through a letter written while imprisoned. At the time segregation was still a part of the culture in the United States and Martin Luther King Jr. and his followers were working diligently and peacefully to try and make a change in peoples hearts about segregation. (2004). Although they agreed with the necessity of desegregation, the clergymen believed that Kings demonstrations were unwise and untimely and racial issues should be dealt with in courts (King 125). He persuades the audience that he also makes the list of the extremist depending on what he will champion. At the end of his letter, he assures that he is willing to forgive the religious leaders for their misguidance and would happily work alongside them to abolish racial oppression. Well during the midcentury, Martin Luther King wrote the "Letter from Birmingham Jail" and he was criticized by many people including 8 clergymen and wanted to emphasize to the clergyman that he was never an outsider from the start. King described the physical pain of seeing vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim (King 895). In Alabama, with its extreme racial injustice,, both white and some hesitant black Americans prefer allowing more time to . The letter accused MLK of being an extremist and said that the time for segregation is not now. This speech would go on to be known as the most famous speech in history, the I Have a Dream [], The entirety of Coates letter writing and consciousness in Between the World and Me shows the influence of the provocative writings and speeches of Malcolm X. Letter from Birmingham Jail Summary & Analysis | LitCharts While being held in Birmingham, King wrote what came to be known as the Letter from Birmingham Jail Not even King himself could predict how much of an impact this letter would have on the Civil Rights Movement. He says I doubt that you would so quickly commended the policemen if you were to observe their ugly and inhumane treatment. Gradesfixer , Rhetorical Analysis Of The Letter From Birmingham Jail., Rhetorical Analysis Of The Letter From Birmingham Jail [Internet]. Logos, Ethos, Pathos. King establishes the difference between ordinary crime and civil disobedience. In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr.'s "Letter From Birmingham Jail" built an empowering voice for his oppressed race over the unjust treatment given to them by the white men who discriminated his people's color. King structures his language that conflicts with the oppression against human rights. The emotions evoked would make them agree with King Jrs stand or argument. He responds to his audience by offering a new perspective on the term extremist. He successfully convinces his audience to have a lessened stand on the word extremist.. Throughout the large paragraph Dr. King explains why action must be done now to achieve Civil rights. When the time came, he honoured his promise and came to Birmingham to support the action. The first two lines read, Your door is shut against my tightened face, / And I am sharp as steel with discontent. McKay uses imagery to help the reader visualize the isolation of African Americans from a society they desire to be a part of. By him saying this, he is putting himself on the same level as the clergymen, sending the message that he is no less than them and they are no better than him. He used the enraged energy he felt to empower his fellow African Americans to stand up for their rights. He is telling them that he has credibility on the matter of injustice, not because he is the recipient of white privilege, but because he is well researched on the subject. uses the device anaphora at many points in his letter to convey the importance of what he is repeating. King uses this principle to help persuade others to join him in his acts of civil disobedience. A document known as, A Letter from a Birmingham Jail., In Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham Jail", he presents a notable and exceptional argument. . Remember: This is just a sample from a fellow student. Birmingham was in his interest because of the actions he has heard happening there. Dr. King includes many biblical references in his writing to compare the similarities between actions in the bible and his. Alongside the more obvious threats of death, bodily harm, or imprisonment, African Americans suffer from more complex issues like financial uncertainty and a sense of inferiority. "Letter from Birmingham Jail": Examples of Rhetorical Devices - Quizlet The letter was written to various clergymen who previously written an open letter to disapprove the actions of SCLC (Southern Christian, In this letter Martin Luther King Jr. was responding back to rude comments that clergymen made about him and the protesting. But be assured that my tears have been tears of love (8). Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. King Jr, M. L. (1963). As with the extremist label, Kings position here may take us by surprise, but he backs up his argument carefully and provides clear reasons for his stance. Regardless of the obvious lack of rights that the African American people had, the white christian moderate, along with the clergymen decided against taking action towards ending, While he was imprisoned, eight prominent Alabama clergymen published a statement in local newspapers urging blacks to withdraw their support from Martin Luther King Jr. and his demonstrations. When Marting Luther King calls God an extremist he goes on saying the question is not whether we will be an extremist, but what kind of extremist these two follow after one another because some not all people think it is insane to love your enemies, to bless them because they are bringing you down but people go by it because it is the right thing to do so with that being said Martin Luther King Jr. is claiming he might be considered an extremist now for doing something out of the ordinary but soon his extreme actions will no longer be considered extremebut will be considered doing something good. Let's fix your grades together! Martin Luther King then proceeds to justify his cause for protest and establishes reasons for the advancement of civil rights. King continues to request that his critics consider the issue from the point of view of the protesters, and this time he emphasizes the fact that there are other, much more extreme options for frustrated African Americans. Interesting Literature is a participant in the Amazon EU Associates Programme, an affiliate advertising programme designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by linking to Amazon.co.uk. King emphasizes that the protests are a necessary action based on African Americans current social and political conditions. People in the church have made a variety of excuses for not supporting racial integration. Your time is important. It also intensifies emotion and the tone of the essay which can also be considered an appeal to pathos. His usage of rhetorical questions and anaphora puts an emphasis on his acceptance to the label that was given to, For instance Martin Luther king Jr. is a great example on how pathos is used to make an audience sympathize. For instance, where we might expect him to object to being called an extremist, he embraces the label, observing that some of the most pious and peaceful figures in history have been extremists of one kind of another. He is proving to them that he contains just as much intellect on the subject of injustice and racial discrimination, if not more. 10 terms. 20 terms. King announces that he will respond to their criticisms because he believes they are men of genuine good will. Besides, King Jr uses meaningful language and literal analogies or stories that fit within his argument to evoke emotions, thereby persuading the audience to agree with his argument or stand. 24).