They serve __________-year terms. b. static d. The Cabinet is less democratic and less accountable than the White House staff. Which of the following is an advantage congressional incumbents posses in seeking reelection over challengers? | :---: | :---: | Congressional committees are areas of __________ that allow members to develop the expertise to handle complex issues. d. precedent As politicians and donors soon discovered, however, these laws were full of loopholes and were easily skirted by those who knew the ins and outs of the system. A special joint committee created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the House and Senate is called a(n) __________ committee. helping a constituent qualify for federal benefits b. president pro tempore 25; 10 \text{Prepaid Insurance}&\text{\hspace{16pt}5,400}&\text{}\\ d. Having clear policy positions makes it harder to attract campaign contributions from interest groups. | Variable overhead (allocated based on direct labor hours): | | A strategy unique to the Senate whereby opponents of a piece of legislation try to talk it to death, based on the tradition of unlimited debate. The leader of the Senate responsible for the brunt of the work of the Most are composed of members from both parties and from both houses. By 2020, those values had shot to $2.4 million and $27.2 million (Figure 11.7).12 Raising this amount of money takes quite a bit of time and effort. b. Senate chairperson $1.6 million | Overhead spending variance | 210 Unfavorable | Both Republicans and Democrats have become more liberal. Good senators and representatives understand this and will seek to use their influence and power in office to affect these issues for the better. a. acts independently, trusting his or her own judgment of how to best serve the public interest a. veto b. executive privilege c. habeas corpus One challenge to congressional casework is the widely held public perception that Members of Congress can initiate a broad array of actions resulting in a speedy, favorable outcome. Senators are required to have nine years standing as citizens and be at least thirty years old when sworn in. d. The president must inform Congress of the reasoning behind a veto. In a congressional office, the term casework refers to the response or services that Members of Congress provide to constituents who request assistance. Individuals may contribute up to $2900 per candidate per election. b. b. and more. What are three major responsibilities of members of Congress? a. d. Speaker, Most of the work of Congress goes on in __________. c. after it is debated in the full House c. as a lead negotiator for executive agreements File a FOIA Appeal. common carriers. What was the actual purchase price per square foot of wood? d. seniority within the committee regardless party affiliation d. omnibus, The vice president of the United States is the ceremonial leader of the Senate, but he or she has little real leadership responsibilities. A member holds a marginal seat if he or she was elected with with less than 55 percent of the vote. Creative Commons Attribution License e. Senate confirmation, To which of the following does Article III give the power to create inferior federal courts? a. In 1960, political scientist Angus Campbell proposed the surge-and-decline theory to explain these patterns.22 Campbell noticed that since the Civil War, with the exception of 1934, the presidents party has consistently lost seats in Congress during the midterm elections. the government's system of checks and balances. Conference Committee originally intended. Imagine a bill is referred to the House Committee on Agriculture, the standing committee for agricultural issues. In the decades since Campbells influential theory was published, a number of studies have challenged his conclusions. | Rate | $\$10$ per hour | Caseworkers or constituent services representatives: Responsible for helping constituents deal with problems relating to federal agencies. Assume that instead of paying Burris cash, Senger issued a credit memo to Burris to be used against Burriss outstanding account receivable balance. Which of the following can be said about challengers to seats in Congress? c. The president can fire the White House staff but only Congress can dismiss a member of the In either case, production costs will be approximately $35,000\$ 35,000$35,000. b. three-year d. 35; 14. Then, between the late nineteenth century and the start of World War I, Congress pushed through a flurry of reforms intended to bring order to the world of campaign finance. Which of the following statements about residential patterns in the United States is most accurate? c. Senators are better educated than their House counterparts. \text{ Quantity, .25 hour } & \text{ Quantity, 4 kilograms } \\ Well known Holding an elected office, whether it's a Senator or local PTA President, bestows upon the owner a certain amount of prominence among their constituents. Members of Congress are generally __________ than the general population. Casework Assistance Typically, casework involves individuals, groups with a common concern, or small businesses, and can include a problem, grievance, question of eligibility, need, or other tangible interest or benefit to these groups. __________ is a good example of Congressional casework. \textbf{August 31, 2014} c. impassively and impartially a. Chishom v. Georgia The Citizens United case began as a lawsuit against the FEC filed by Citizens United, a nonprofit organization that wanted to advertise a documentary critical of former senator and Democratic hopeful Hillary Clinton on the eve of the 2008 Democratic primaries. Such PACs tended to be run by businesses and other groups, like the Teamsters Union and the National Rifle Association, to support their special interests. \text{Cash}&\text{\$\hspace{8pt}24,600 }&\text{}\\ It is more descriptively representative of women than the House. laser cutting speed and power chart; african women39s empowerment project; Related articles; myhr employee portal; conan exiles pebblenose food. d. as a fund-raiser for the president during reelection In the Senate, there is only slightly more variation, given the statewide nature of the race, but it is still a very high majority of incumbents who win reelection (Figure 11.9). A House member must be a U.S. citizen of at least seven years standing and at least twenty-five years old. Justices in the majority argued that the BCRA violated a corporations free-speech rights.15. The Senate must approve certain executive appointments. a. additional financial support from constituent taxes e. dissenting, A(n) __________ brief is submitted by someone who is not a party to the case. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. c. representing people and interests that they like personally by voting for legislation that benefits those people What occurs at a congressional party conference? One finding is that, counter to conventional wisdom, the vast majority of direct campaign contributions come from individual donors, not from PACs and political parties. Indicate whether each variance is favorable or unfavorable. b. How Telephonic Casework Inquiries Are Processed Response Time What does a caseworker do if they haven't received a response within the estimated time given by the Congressional Liaison Representative (CLR)? d. solicitor general Until 2010, it also limited advertisements run by unions and corporations thirty days before a primary and sixty days before a general election.14 The FECs enforcement of the law spurred numerous court cases challenging it. Between 1946 and 2012, only 5 percent of incumbent senators and 2 percent of House incumbents lost their party primaries.19 In 2014, Cantor was one of four House incumbents who did so, while no incumbent senators suffered defeat. | Usage | 3 square feet per stand | Another important reform occurred in 2002, when Senators John McCain (R-AZ) and Russell Feingold (D-WI) drafted, and Congress passed, the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA), also referred to as the McCain-Feingold Act. FOIA Library. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. The amount of money they raise against their challengers demonstrates their advantage. a. visibility Annual depreciation is $6,600 on buildings and$4,000 on equipment. It is more descriptively representative of African Americans than the House. b. en banc e. Senate members tend to be wealthier than their House counterparts. Both Republicans and Democrats have become more liberal. six years, with one-third of the seats up for election in each two-year election cycle. a. chief of state/head of state - A member of Congress chooses committees that serve his or her district's interests. The nuclear option replaced _____ to end filibusters. Paramount Co., a womens clothing store, purchased $60,000 of merchandise from a supplier on account, terms FOB destination, 2/10, n/30. Definition of Earmark Funding . c. Political Action Committee Congressional committees on a few subject-matter areas with membership drawn from both houses. Each year, thousands of constituents turn to Members of Congress with a wide range of requests, from the simple to the complex. The Center for Responsive Politics reports donation amounts that are required by law to be disclosed to the Federal Elections Commission. d. Speaker of the House b. additional financial support from the federal government campaign fund What type of congressional committees are usually temporary committees created to conduct special studies or investigations? The House of Representatives has developed a stronger and more structured leadership than the Senate. The public generally tends to distrust Congress. e. jury, For a case to be heard in the Supreme Court, a minimum of how many justices must vote to hear the case? d. before it is amended or rewritten in its full committee, b. after it is approved by its full committee, One thing that helps incumbents win reelection is __________, which might include federal spending projects benefitting state and local governments, businesses, colleges, and other institutions in a congressional district. c. joint The general trend in the relationship between Congress and the states has been one in which congressional power has __________. c. Both Republicans and Democrats have become more moderate. c. direct election by popular vote b. jurisdiction fragmentation Incumbents often have a much higher level of name recognition. In those days, a barrel of salt pork was a common larder item in households, and could be used as a measure of the family's financial well-being. intended. d. Steering, Party leaders from the two chambers of Congress sometimes use _______ legislation that addresses numerous and perhaps unrelated issues to create winning coalitions and force members to And the South isnt alone; areas in the Northeast and the Northwest have grown increasingly Democratic. Democrats tend to cluster in the urban areas of the United States. McCain-Feingold placed limits on total contributions to political parties, prohibited coordination between candidates and PAC campaigns, and required candidates to include personal endorsements on their political ads. Common congressional casework requests include tracking a misdirected benefits payment; helping to fill out a government form; applying for Social Security, veterans, education, and other federal benefits; explaining government activities or decisions; applying to a military service academy;4 seeking . a. appellate Constitution. Which the following are true about norms in Congress? c. federal b. equal representation by state; six b. diverse Common congressional casework requests include tracking a misdirected benefits payment; helping to fill out a government form; applying for Social Security, veterans', education, and other federal benefits; explaining government activities or decisions; applying to a military service academy;4 seeking d. Modern presidents are much less partisan than the Framers originally intended. constantly campaigns for voters' approval; is more deliberative. The White House staff has greater access to and more influence on the president than the A legislator considers public opinion, refining it with information and careful thought. Both chambers in Congress are responsible for all of the following EXCEPT _____. b. \end{array} In which capacity is a modern vice president particularly influential in American politics? Among other things, it created the Federal Election Commission (FEC), required candidates to disclose where their money was coming from and where they were spending it, limited individual contributions, and provided for public financing of presidential campaigns. Congress exercises this power largely through its congressional committee system. Assume that cigarettes cost $5.50\$ 5.50$5.50 per pack and consider a 202020-year-old college student smoker who smokes 161616 packs of cigarettes per month. Historically, incumbents in both the House and the Senate enjoy high rates of reelection. Actual material purchases amounted to 240,000240,000240,000 kilograms at $.81\$ .81$.81 per kilogram. Create enhanced value in military medical markets using an integrated approach in 5-year business plans. Submit a Request. In the Senate, who has right of first recognition? How does casework affect members attention to legislation quizlet? c. oversight If he believes there is a 50%50 \%50% probability of a good market, what should he do? Because of their longer six-year terms, they will see every member of the House face constituents multiple times before they themselves are forced to seek reelection. b. conference d. plea a. presidential job approval While they cannot give money directly to a candidate or a candidates party, they can raise and spend unlimited funds, and they can spend independently of a campaign or party. Sixty senators had to agree to bring it to a vote, but the bill fell short of that number and died.11 Similarly, although the ACA became widely known as Obamacare, the president did not send a piece of legislation to Capitol Hill; he asked Congress to write the bills. Which response to the poll provides the most forceful indication that voters want delegates instead of trustees or politicos? \text{Supplies}&\text{\hspace{16pt}4,300}&\text{}\\ d. the informal organization of Congress, Because Congress is __________, it is fairly open to interest group influence. d. Speaker of the House, In the House of Representatives, a bill goes to the Rules Committee ________. are licensed under a, Who Governs? As critics of the decision predicted at the time, the Court thus opened the floodgates to private soft money flowing into campaigns again. a. In general, this is true. satisfying constituents and supporting party positions. If you are a challenger running against an incumbent, what are some strategies you could use to make the race competitive? [6] Voters in large numbers were motivated by the political and economic disaster of the war to vote for politicians they believed would end it (Figure 11.10). d. position taking, The __________ makes economic projections about the Which example best demonstrates a legislator acting as a trustee of his or her constituency? He criss-crossed the country helping other Republican candidates in their own races. The parties have become less polarized because more and more voters are opting to become independents. b. Casework To insulate one house of Congress from popular pressures and make it a seat of deliberation and reflection, the framers of the Constitution set the terms of the members of the Senate at __________. c. lobbying Term Limits v. Thornton (1995), there are currently no term limits for either senators or representatives, despite efforts by many states to impose them in the mid-1990s.10 House members are elected by the voters in their specific congressional districts. c. twelve e. as presiding officer of the Senate. \end{array} impeachment \text{Rent Revenue}&\text{}&\text{\hspace{11pt}80,000}\\ 7 How does casework help members of Congress? b. e. Modern presidents are more subservient to the will of Congress than the Framers originally Finally, we considered intelligence. This type of committee specifies when each bill will be debated, how long it will be debated for, and how it can be amended. The Constitutional Convention decided on what form of legislature? helping individual members of their constituency What is partisanship? The House of Representatives decided that, beginning in 1910, its upper limit would be __________ members. c. A legislator follows the public opinion of his or her Which of the following would satisfy the congressional norm of universalism? c. immediately before an election d. chief of staff Congressional Budget Office Over the past three decades, the distance between the political parties in Congress has been growing steadily. b. b. carefully and slowly c. Supreme Court The historical difficulty of unseating an incumbent in the House or Senate is often referred to as the incumbent advantage or the incumbency effect. It had never been a problem before the mid-1990s, when a number of very imaginative political operatives developed a great many ways to spend this money. performance of the economy, the costs of proposed policies, and the economic effects of taxing and spending alternatives. {x+3yz=0x2y+z=8x6y+2z=6\left\{\begin{array}{l}x+3 y-z=0 \\ x-2 y+z=8 \\ x-6 y+2 z=6\end{array}\right. a. What is the name of the provision in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, giving Congress implied powers not otherwise enumerated? \text{Unearned Rent Revenue}&\text{}&\text{\hspace{16pt}6,800}\\ e. trial, Federal judges are appointed to __________ terms. a. give members lifetime appointments How did the American colonies actually win the war and gain their Independence from Britain? Senate members tend to be wealthier than their House counterparts. |Budgeted production: 200 magazine stands | | c. House Ways and Means Committee This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The most important influencers of the congressional agenda. a. a subject knowledge test The term "casework" refers to assistance provided by members of Congress to constituents who need help while filing a grievance with the federal government or a federal agency. This suggests a failure of __________. What is the effect of the unanimous consent rule in the Senate? | Direct labor efficiency variance | 550 Unfavorable | Two factors that determine whether a congressional office is able to work a particular case are 1) whether the individual's home address is located within the Member's congressional district and 2) whether the individual's problem pertains to a federal agency. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. \end{array} is an honorific office awarded to the senior senator of the majority party. Journalize Paramount Co.s entries to record (a) the purchase. The importance of airing positive constituent casework during campaigns is a testament to the accuracy of saying, All politics is local. This phrase, attributed to former Speaker of the House Tip ONeill (D-MA), essentially means that the most important motivations directing voters are rooted in local concerns. Construct a boxplot and describe its shape. Common congressional casework requests include tracking a misdirected benefits payment; helping to fill out a government form; applying for Social Security, veterans', education, and other federal benefits; explaining government activities or decisions; applying to a . Congressional Membership AnswerLesson 1 Congressional Membership Guided Reading Activity Answer Key I. Which statement about incumbency is most accurate? \textbf{Trial Balance}\\ Pork barrel projects, now known as earmarks, are examples of _____. The United States became a world power. d. Thomas Jefferson Separate subject-matter committees in each house of Congress that handle bills in different policy areas. The following information is provided to help congressional caseworkers expedite the servicing of constituent requests for records from the National Personnel Records Center. Thus, the House can be highly partisan at times. a. representing groups that provide subsistence for their campaign coffers and not for their policy preferences e. vice president, __________ committees are usually temporary committees are created by congressional leaders to resolve matters that Standing committee cannot or do not wish to handle d. senatorial courtesy a. a. libertarian What is casework What purpose does it serve quizlet? c. Incumbents only leave office when pressured by party leadership. d. president pro tempore One of many ways the president can influence Congress is by __________. At the start of 2014, House majority whip Eric Cantor, a representative from Virginia, was at the top of his game. In what year was Congress the least polarized? Copyright 2023 Wisdom-Advices | All rights reserved. a. ad hoc Raise and provide public money and oversee its proper expenditure. a. by voters Often, they will publicize their casework on their websites or, in some cases, create television advertisements that boast of their helpfulness. Worker rights and benefits depend on you exercising your fundamental right! __________ is a good example of Congressional casework. e. They limited the number of terms a president can serve. \text{ Direct labor: } & \text{ Direct material: } \\ b. c. population; two e. party primaries followed by popular vote. e. the ability to declare war, In crafting the executive branch, what was the motive behind the decisions of the Constitution's Framers? a. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo The account pays 1.12% annual interest, compounded daily. med surg hesi test bank 2022 quizlet; Related articles; alms dlc 2 cheat code; mail jerseycollege edu login; jae asmr youtube; lexmoto echo. In approximately what year were House of Representatives Republicans rated the most conservative? Cabinet. a liberal, Jewish member of Congress representing a predominantly Jewish district. As these rates show, even in the worst political environments, incumbents are very difficult to defeat. Administration & Management. They play dominant roles in scheduling hearings, hiring staff, appointing subcommittees, and managing committee bills when they are brought before the full house. a. c. the pork barrel The government shut down because each party wanted to take credit for addressing the ensuing crisis. Congressional committees are areas of __________ that allow members to develop the expertise to handle complex issues. In the House, the percentage of incumbents winning reelection has hovered between 85 and 100 percent for the last half century. How did such a powerful incumbent lose a game in which the cards had been stacked so heavily in his favor? a. equal representation by state; four b. president $$, Define the following term in a short sentence. Since the 1970s, partisanship has steadily __________ in Congress, due in part to __________. d. the president Using the budget for the current month and the variance report, construct the items below. create new laws to help Congress carry out its powers Congress uses its oversight authority to do which of the following? These structural differences between the two chambers create real differences in the actions of their members. c. They included separation of powers in the Constitution. A traditional PAC is an organization designed to raise hard money to elect or defeat candidates. b. majority whip e. degree formal agreement between the U.S. president and the leaders of other nations that does, Which early president, who was initially hostile to the idea of a vigorous central government, concluded the Louisiana Purchase with France, which doubled the size of the United States and opened the continent for American settlement? b. majority whip a. federal criminal matters \text{Buildings}&\text{\hspace{7pt}132,000}&\text{}\\ How much longer should the Sun remain in its stable phase? House Judiciary Committee The rules of the House and laws and regulations governing federal executive agency activities, however, closely limit interventions made on the behalf of constituents. Please include all pertinent information and claim numbers in your . Incumbents attract more money because people want to give to a winner. b. appellate Its trial balance before adjustment on August 31 is presented here. Directlabor:Quantity,.25hourRate,$16perhourDirectmaterial:Quantity,4kilogramsPrice,$.80perkilogram. Very few challengers have any experience with elections. Most are composed of members from both parties and from both houses. Packing and cracking reflect what partisan aspect of redistricting? b. c. franking privileges b. Which of the following can happen while the bill is in committee? In addition to U.S. citizenship and age, the requirements for serving in Congress include residency in the represented state and a bachelor's degree. 25; 7 e. to create a plural executive with both symbolic and legislative responsibilities, Which word best describes the language used by the Framers to describe the office of the president? casework. x+3yz=0x2y+z=8x6y+2z=6, Choose the word or words that best complete the sentence. (a) Journalize the adjusting entries on August 31 for the 3-month period June 1August 31. a. | Rate per labor hour | $\$4$ | when states are divided into legislative districts of equal population.